when did benedict arnold die

62369640, citing Old Norwichtown Cemetery, Norwich, New London County, Connecticut, USA ; Maintained by Precious (contributor 48339663) . [82], Shortly after Washington's rebuke, a Congressional inquiry into Arnold's expenditures concluded that he had failed to fully account for his expenditures incurred during the Quebec invasion, and that he owed the Congress some £1,000,[a] largely because he was unable to document them. Arnold received a commission as a brigadier general in the British Army, an annual pension of £360,[a] and a lump sum of over £6,000. "He died after four days of delirium, on June 14, 1801, at the age of 60. [24] The Stamp Act prompted Arnold to join the chorus of voices in opposition, and also led to his joining the Sons of Liberty, a secret organization which advocated resistance to those and other restrictive Parliamentary measures. Arnold was aware of his reputation in his home country, and French statesman Talleyrand described meeting him in Falmouth, Cornwall in 1794: The innkeeper at whose place I had my meals informed me that one of his lodgers was an American general. He petitioned for Vermont to join the new United States. When we talk about betrayal a few names surface. Arnold’s treason actually helped serve the floundering American war effort by re-energizing the Patriot’s declining morale. On June 27, 1775, the Continental Congress authorized the invasion of Quebec partly at the urging of Arnold. He arrived before Quebec City in November, after a difficult passage in which 300 men turned back and another 200 died en route. [17] He was hardworking and successful, and was able to rapidly expand his business. They would no longer be a part of the British Empire and would fight for their freedom. Although, his short stay at the countryside helped him recover from his illness to some extent, he died at 60, on June 14, 1801, after 4 days of high fever and delirium. [47] During the fighting in the second battle, Arnold disobeyed Gates' orders and took to the battlefield to lead attacks on the British defenses. In 1757, at age 16, Arnold enlisted in the militia and traveled to upstate New York to fight the French. The treasonous actions of Arnold are legendary in the United States. Benedict Arnold. [65][66], Arnold had an extremely ambitious and jealous personality. By Lyn Kelly. Learn more about Saint Benedict … Two years later, he assumed responsibility for his father and sister following his mother’s death of yellow fever. 196–197, Military career of Benedict Arnold, 1775–1776, Military career of Benedict Arnold, 1777–79, President's House (Philadelphia, Pennsylvania), 1831 plaque to the victims of the "Traitor, Benedict Arnold", 10.1093/anb/9780198606697.article.0200008, "Independence National Historical Park: History of the President's House", "The Culper Spy Ring - American Revolution - HISTORY.com", "Native Norwich Is Ignoring Benedict Arnold", "Benedict Arnold: The Aftermath Of Treason", National Park Service – Saratoga Monument, "In Commemoration of Arnold's Expedition to Quebec", "Letter: Some recognize Gen. Arnold as true hero of the Revolutionary War", "Letter, Benedict Arnold to George Washington pleading for mercy for his wife", "Benedict Arnold: The Aftermath of Treason", "Saratoga National Historical Park – Activities", "Saratoga National Historical Park – Tour Stop 7", links to primary sources about Benedict Arnold before and after his treason, Arnold, Benedict (1741–1801), army officer | Oxford Dictionary of National Biography, Life, Liberty and the pursuit of Happiness, Washington's crossing of the Delaware River, African Americans in the Revolutionary War, https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Benedict_Arnold&oldid=1019108833, 18th-century American non-fiction writers, American expatriates in the United Kingdom, British Army personnel of the American Revolutionary War, British people of the French Revolutionary Wars, British spies during the American Revolution, Businesspeople from New Haven, Connecticut, Connecticut militiamen in the American Revolution, Continental Army officers from Connecticut, Continental Army personnel who were court-martialed, Military personnel from Norwich, Connecticut, People of Connecticut in the French and Indian War, Articles containing potentially dated statements from 2019, All articles containing potentially dated statements, Wikipedia pages semi-protected against vandalism, Articles with unsourced statements from September 2020, Wikipedia articles with BIBSYS identifiers, Wikipedia articles with PLWABN identifiers, Wikipedia articles with SNAC-ID identifiers, Wikipedia articles with SUDOC identifiers, Wikipedia articles with Trove identifiers, Wikipedia articles with WORLDCATID identifiers, Wikipedia articles with multiple identifiers, Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License, Benedict Arnold (1768–1795) (Captain, British Army in Jamaica), Henry Arnold (1772–1826) (Lieutenant, American Legion cavalry), Edward Shippen Arnold (1780–1813) (Lieutenant, British Army in India; see, James Robertson Arnold (1781–1854) (Lieutenant General, Royal Engineers), George Arnold (1787–1828) (Lieutenant Colonel, 2nd (or 7th) Bengal Cavalry). However, today, Arnold is remembered not as a hero, but as the biggest traitor in the American history. Historians have identified many possible factors contributing to Arnold's treason, while some debate their relative importance. The ill-fated mission ran into problems from the outset—discovered plans, inclement weather and poor timing caused the battle to fail. Since the earliest days of the Republic, Benedict Arnold has been the American phrase for traitor.Other villains from Aaron Burr to Aldrich Ames have come and gone through the course of American history, but none have quite matched Arnold’s nefarious reputation. The American colonies eventually won the war, but only with the help of the British army. [113], Even before Cornwallis's surrender in October, Arnold had requested permission from Clinton to go to England to give Lord George Germain his thoughts on the war in person. When word of British surrender reached New York, Arnold requested leave to return to England with his family, which he did in December 1781. Four days later, Arnold sent a ciphered letter with similar content into New York through the services of the wife of a prisoner of war. Arnold's letters continued to detail Washington's troop movements and provide information about French reinforcements that were being organized. The Beginning of Arnold's Downfall. [98] They found the papers exposing the plot to capture West Point and passed them on to their superiors,[99] but André convinced the unsuspecting Colonel John Jameson, to whom he was delivered, to send him back to Arnold at West Point—but he never reached West Point. Returning home after the battle, he learned that his wife had died earlier in the month. [101], Arnold learned of André's capture the morning of 24 September while waiting for Washington, with whom he was going to have breakfast at his headquarters in British Col. Beverley Robinson's former summer house on the east bank of the Hudson. In the years before his death in 1801, Benedict traveled to various outposts, including Canada and Guadeloupe in the Caribbean, always trying to … [109] This activity brought out Virginia's militia led by Colonel Sampson Mathews, and Arnold eventually retreated to Portsmouth to be reinforced or to evacuate. Occupation: Military. [35], Arnold then traveled to Montreal where he served as military commander of the city until forced to retreat by an advancing British army that had arrived at Quebec in May. He is best known for plotting to surrender the American fort at West Point, New York, to the British during the American Revolution. Arnold joined the Sons of Liberty, a secret organization opposed to Parliament’s taxing laws. He wrote that he was "very much shocked" and wondered "good God, are the Americans all asleep and tamely giving up their liberties, or are they all turned philosophers, that they don't take immediate vengeance on such miscreants? [75] General Clinton was pursuing a campaign to gain control of the Hudson River Valley, and was interested in plans and information on the defenses of West Point and other defenses on the Hudson River. [139], Fictional invocations of Benedict Arnold's name carry strongly negative overtones. [117] His reputation also came under criticism in the British press, especially when compared to Major André who was celebrated for his patriotism. Thereupon I expressed the desire of seeing that gentleman, and, shortly after, I was introduced to him. [2][136] Historical markers in Danvers, Massachusetts and Newburyport, MA commemorate Arnold's 1775 expedition to Quebec. Benedict Arnold (14 January 1741 [O.S. [142] However, not all depictions of Arnold were so negative. [123] The family left Saint John to return to London in December 1791. [131], Arnold left a small estate, reduced in size by his debts, which Peggy undertook to clear. After the usual exchange of greetings … I ventured to request from him some letters of introduction to his friends in America. This meeting was thwarted when British gunboats in the river fired on his boat, not being informed of his impending arrival. Many historians point to her as facilitating Arnold's plans to switch sides; he opened secret negotiations with André, and Peggy relayed the messages. He was brought up on charges and court-martialed in May 1779. [7][106] Among his bequests were considerable gifts to one John Sage, perhaps an illegitimate son or grandson. His difficult time in New Brunswick led historians to summarize it as full of "controversy, resentment, and legal entanglements" and to conclude that he was disliked by both Americans and Loyalists living there. 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